In these worrying times, one of the main things pet owners are asking themselves is ‘can my pet catch COVID-19?’. So, as a long-term chinchilla owner, my first question was obviously, ‘Can my chinchillas catch COVID-19’? followed by ‘Can I get COVID-19 from them?’. As a Biomedical Scientist currently involved with the testing for COVID-19, I decided to put my 25+ years of experience to use by researching the answer for both myself, and you.
Can Chinchillas Contract COVID?
According to the world’s leading experts, chinchillas cannot become infected with COVID-19. However, various other pets can contract COVID-19, including cats, dogs, and hamsters. In all instances of COVID-19 infection in animals to date, they appear to have only suffered mild symptoms.
I’ve gathered the evidence regarding transmission of COVID-19 between humans and animals, and collated it all below for you. Of course, like you, I’m especially concerned with whether chinchillas are likely to become infected, so will hopefully be able to put your fears to rest with the following information.
I’ll also give you information on what symptoms you might encounter, and what to do if you do suspect your chinchilla is infected with COVID-19.
- Can Chinchillas Contract COVID?
- What is SARS-CoV-2, is this the same as COVID-19?
- How is COVID-19 transmitted?
- Where did (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19 come from?
- Can Animals Be Infected With SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)?
- What About COVID-19 and Farmed Chinchillas, or Other Animals?
- Can All Animals Become Infected With SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)?
- Is There Any Research Showing Whether Chinchillas Can Contract COVID-19?
- What Other Animals Might Be Affected By COVID-19?
- So Are Chinchillas Likely to Catch (COVID-19)?
- Is COVID-19 Life-Threatening To Animals, Including Chinchillas?
- Can I Give My Chinchilla, Or Other Pets COVID?
- Can I Catch COVID-19 From My Chinchilla?
- What Precautions Should I Take To Protect Myself, My Family, And My Chinchilla From COVID-19?
- What Are The Symptoms Of COVID-19 In Chinchillas And Other Animals?
- What Do I Do If I Suspect My Chinchilla Has COVID-19?
Oxbow Animal Health stated in March 2020 that although they do not know definitively whether COVID-19 can infect pets, and spread to other animals and humans, there is no evidence that pets become sick with COVID-19.
They stated that ‘historically coronaviruses have been species-specific, only affecting one group of animals, and that COVID-19 appears to be the same’. Since then, however, the CDC, OIE, USDA, and other animal, and virology research organizations around the world have realized that this is not actually the case.
Based on the limited information available to date, the risk of animals spreading SARS-CoV-2 to people is considered to be low. CDC does not recommend euthanasia of animals that test positive for SARS-CoV-2.
What is SARS-CoV-2, is this the same as COVID-19?
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that causes the disease COVID-19, and you may see it referred to as such when people are talking about the original pathogenic agent, rather than the disease itself.
How is COVID-19 transmitted?
SARS-CoV-2 spreads mainly from person to person through respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, and talking. At this time, there is no evidence that animals play a significant role in spreading the virus that causes COVID-19.
Based on the limited information available to date, the risk of animals spreading COVID-19 to people is considered to be low.[1]
As of January 2021, the CDC 
reports that there is no evidence that animals play a significant role in spreading SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, to people.
Where did (SARS-CoV-2) COVID-19 come from?
Although the current pandemic is being passed on through human to human transmission, The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) suggests that SARS-CoV-2 originated from an animal source, specifically the Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus bat). .
They state that ‘Although current evidence suggests that SARS-CoV2 emerged from an animal source, that original source has yet to be identified’.[2]
Their reasons for suggesting the Horseshoe Bat was the original species is that genetic sequencing data shows the closest known relative of SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus that is currently circulating in these bat populations.
They do note, however, that there is not enough scientific evidence to identify the original source, or original route of transmission to humans, which they theorize may have involved an intermediate host.
Investigations by the World Heath Organisation (WHO) have now discovered that infections in mink can be passed back into the human population.
Can Animals Be Infected With SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)?
Research has shown that several animal species are susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and are at risk of developing COVID-19. This has been demonstrated through experiments, and in natural settings when they have come into contact with infected humans.
There is also evidence that infected animals can transmit the virus to other animals through close contact – examples of this are mink to mink transmission, and mink to cat transmission. To date, studies show that poultry and cattle are not susceptible to infection. [3]
The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) note that ‘a small number of animals worldwide, including pets, have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, usually after having close contact with people with COVID-19’.
Over fifteen years ago, scientists observed that Syrian hamsters were easily infected with the coronavirus that causes SARS. They have now been found to be susceptible to the new variant SARS-CoV-2. [4]
Cohen [5] also noted that when infected, ferrets can develop COVID-19, as can cynomolgus monkeys, and both of these animal models are being used to study respiratory transmission.
The Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) reported that of the cats, dogs, and mink that have been infected in the Netherlands, the pet owners were also ill, and tested positive for coronavirus – this suggests that the pets caught the virus from their owners.
They also state, without citing their sources, that ‘it is known that hamsters, ferrets and rabbits can also become infected with the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2‘.
What About COVID-19 and Farmed Chinchillas, or Other Animals?
Obviously animal to animal transmission can be worrying for farmers, so the OIE has produced draft guidance for all farmed animals. A summary of which is presented below.[6] “Based on current evidence, the risk of introduction of SARS-CoV-2 from people to animals is high in mustelids, including mink and ferrets, and raccoon dogs; low in rabbits; and negligible in other farmed livestock species.
Consequently, the risks for farmed species other than mink and ferrets (and possibly raccoon dogs and rabbits) are considered negligible.”
Can All Animals Become Infected With SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)?
At this time, there is evidence that only certain animals can be infected with SARS-CoV-2, but we don’t yet know all of the animals that can become infected. A number of agencies collect data from around the world whenever a positive case is confirmed, but unfortunately not all countries disclose this information, so the data should be considered incomplete.
The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) gathers data from 182 different member countries (last updated 2018) in order to fight diseases at a global level. They have collated the data for COVID-19 from all participating countries, and the data is shown in the graph below.
Although no exact values have been released for most countries, the map below shows the approximate numbers seen across the globe.
You might notice that there are no chinchillas recorded in any of the current worldwide data. So does that mean they’re not at risk of contracting COVID-19? In order to answer that, we need to look at more data.
The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) release exact figures for the number and types of animals affected in the USA, and this should allow us to dig a little deeper into the different animals that have contracted COVID-19:
As of 15th November 2020, 1842 animals were tested in the USA, and of these, only 109 tested positive. They note that in addition to cats, dogs, and mink, a number of mammals from zoos in the USA were amongst those animals that also tested positive – 5 tigers and 3 lions from the Bronx Zoo, and 3 tigers from a Tennessee zoo.
In all cases, it was suspected that the animals became sick after being exposed to zoo employees with COVID-19, despite them following precautions.[7]
By 11th January 2021, a further 22 animals tested positive (3 gorillas from a California zoo, 3 snow leopards from a Kentucky zoo, 1 mink, 9 cats, and 6 dogs). I’ve collated this data, and it can be seen in the table and chart below:
| ANIMAL SPECIES AFFECTED | NUMBERS REPORTED |
| DOG | 41 |
| GORILLA | 3 |
| MINK | 16 |
| CAT | 58 |
| LION | 3 |
| TIGER | 7 |
| SNOW LEOPARD | 3 |
| TOTAL FELINE CASES | 71 |
The map below shows the distribution of these COVID-19 animal cases throughout the US.
The UK Government state ‘It is rare for an animal to contract coronavirus, and they may show only mild clinical signs and recover within a few days’. They also observe:
- that there is limited evidence available at present to suggest that coronavirus may pass from infected humans to pets such as dogs, cats, and ferrets
- that coronavirus does not easily pass between cats or most other pets, but this cannot be ruled out
- that coronavirus may pass between ferrets and humans based on the evidence from mink infections
To date, there are no recorded cases of chinchillas becoming infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19)
Is There Any Research Showing Whether Chinchillas Can Contract COVID-19?
There have been various genetic studies carried out, which allow us to determine if chinchillas are likely to become infected further down the road:
A study published in December 2020 describes 173 different species of animal that were gene sequenced and compared with the genetic sequence of humans, in order to determine which animals are potentially the most likely to become cross-infected with coronaviruses.
Of these animals, they concluded that 21 species possess the capabilities to bind with coronavirus, and therefore be able to form cross-species infections.
Those species are: chimpanzee, monkey, chinchilla , rabbit, tiger, cougar, cat, marmot, dog, rat, sheep, whale, pig, cow, deer, dolphin, duck, chicken, bat, pangolin, and snake. [8].
Thankfully, of these, chinchilla binding capacity was deemed low, and less likely to form animal-human’ cross-species infections than some of the others like bat, pig, and dog.
Another study published in December 2020 suggested that bats, primates, some wild Felidae, civet, goats, spotted hyenas and golden hamsters may be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), whilst mice, rats, and guinea pig are not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). [9]
According to the CDC, it is possible that other common small mammal pets (such as guinea pigs, rabbits, gerbils, chinchillas, sugar gliders, rats, mice, etc.) could get infected with SARS-CoV-2…but they require further studies to determine if, and how this might happen.
What Other Animals Might Be Affected By COVID-19?
The CDC also note that recent experimental research shows dogs, ferrets, fruit bats, hamsters, and tree shrews can become infected with the coronavirus.
Additional research suggests that camels, Rhesus macaques, cynomolgus macaques, grivets, and common marmosets can become infected with SARS-CoV-2 and become sick in a laboratory setting. However, laboratory mice, pigs, chickens, and ducks do not seem to become infected or spread the infection based on results from studies.
Other animals sold in pet stores including, birds, reptiles, fish, and insects do not appear to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
People with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 should avoid contact with animals, including pets, livestock, and wildlife.
So Are Chinchillas Likely to Catch (COVID-19)?
According to the currently available research, chinchillas do not appear likely to catch COVID-19. However, there is a need for further research to determine if this is the case, as they may be prone to cross-species infection in the future.
COVID-19 is spread from person to person; the risk to animals is very low and the risk from animals is even lower. There is no reason to harm wildlife or abandon a pet out of fear…the relationship with a pet can be a great source of comfort, helping to decrease depression, anxiety, and stress.
The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine
Is COVID-19 Life-Threatening To Animals, Including Chinchillas?
One of the major illnesses that can be fatal to chinchillas is pneumonia, and other respiratory infections, so COVID-19 does, unfortunately, have the potential to be fatal for chinchillas if they become infected.
As with most viruses, the elderly, very young, or individuals with weakened immune systems will always be at high risk of developing life-threatening symptoms, and this is also the case with COVID-19, and applies equally to humans and animals. If you are at all worried, then you should contact your veterinarian.
OIE state ‘people who are suspected or confirmed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 should restrict contact with mammalian animals, including pets, just like they would with people during their illness. Animals suspected or confirmed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 should remain separated from other animals and humans while infected’.
Can I Give My Chinchilla, Or Other Pets COVID?
Unfortunately yes, you could potentially infect your chinchilla, or other animals, with COVID if you yourself are infected with the virus. Although, as described previously in this blog, the current research suggests that the chances of chinchillas contracting COVID are very small.
The CDC recommend the following precautions if you are sick, or waiting on confirmation of a COVD-19 result:
- Restrict contact with your pets and other animals, just like you would with people
- When possible, have another member of your household care for your pets while you are sick
- Avoid contact with your pet including petting, snuggling, being kissed or licked, sharing food, and sleeping in the same bed
- If you must care for your pet or be around animals while you are sick, wear a mask, and wash your hands before and after you interact with them
- If you are sick with COVID-19 and your pet becomes sick, do not take your pet to the veterinary clinic yourself – call your veterinarian and let them know you have been sick with COVID-19.
Can I Catch COVID-19 From My Chinchilla?
At present, there is no evidence that chinchillas can become infected with the virus causing COVID-19. That may change in the future if further cross-species mutations occur, and at that point, they may be able to pass it onto us pet owners. I’ve listed below the precautions you can take in order to minimize your risk if things change in the future.
You should refer to the CDC guidelines, or those of your own country if you are in any doubt about the cross-species transmission to and from chinchillas. I will endeavor to keep this page updated with changes in CDC guidelines, so you may wish to bookmark this post for easy access at a later date.
What Precautions Should I Take To Protect Myself, My Family, And My Chinchilla From COVID-19?
If you own a pet, it’s important to maintain good hygiene, and keep them socially distanced from people outside of your household.[11]
- Don’t kiss your chinchilla
- Do not put a mask on your chinchilla – this is likely to be uncomfortable and distressing for them
- Wash your hands after handling them, their food, waste, or supplies
- Practice good pet hygiene and clean up after pets properly.
- Walk dogs on a leash at least 6 feet (2 meters) away from others
- Keep cats indoors when possible and don’t let them roam freely outside
- Talk to your veterinarian if you have questions about your chinchilla’s health
The below image was produced in collaboration with the ICUN Bat Specialist Group and OIE, and although was developed for guidance for working with wild mammals, the same basic principles can be applied for our pets.
CDC: There is no evidence that the virus can spread to people from the skin, fur, or hair of pets. Do not wipe or bathe your pet with chemical disinfectants, alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, or other products, such as hand sanitizer, counter-cleaning wipes, or other industrial or surface cleaners.
Talk to your veterinarian if you have questions about appropriate products for bathing or cleaning your pet
What Are The Symptoms Of COVID-19 In Chinchillas And Other Animals?
There have been no reported cases of COVID-19 chinchilla infections, so we do not know for sure what the symptoms are likely to be, but the general symptoms below are liable to be a good guide.
To date[13], most animals that have tested positive for COVID-19 have either had no symptoms, or only suffered very mild symptoms such as:
- Coughing
- Sneezing
- A runny nose
- Weepy eyes
- Vomiting or diarrhea
- Mild breathing difficulties
- High temperature
- Reduced appetite
- Lethargy
What Do I Do If I Suspect My Chinchilla Has COVID-19?
If you are at all worried about the health of your chinchilla, or other animals, you should contact your veterinarian without delay.
In summary, World Health Organisation (WHO) data as of 17th January 2021 shows that there have been 93+Million confirmed cases of COVID-19, 2+Million confirmed deaths, across a total of 223 countries.
So you can see that the proportion of animals affected is really very low, and is not a cause for alarm. That being said, if any of your animals start showing any of the following symptoms – fever, wheezing, difficulty breathing, coughing, diarrhea, reduced appetite, or lethargy, then you should contact your veterinarian as soon as possible. Bear in mind that these are common symptoms for a lot of other diseases, and under current conditions, they are unlikely to be COVID-19 related.
Above all else, practice safe hygiene practices, wash hands and surfaces regularly, more so if you suspect there may be an infection in your household. Wear a mask, stay safe. We will get through this.
If you require any more information, I’ve put together a list of other papers for further reading:
COVID-19: animals, veterinary and zoonotic links. REVIEW.[14]
Susceptibility of ferrets, cats, dogs, and other domesticated animals to SARS–coronavirus-2 [15]
Exposure of humans or animals to sars-cov-2 from wild, livestock,
companion and aquatic animals [16]
The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein has a broad tropism for mammalian ACE2 proteins[17]
Which animals are at risk? Predicting species susceptibility to Covid-19 [18]
White paper on Mink Farming[19]
Sources